This sermon is famously known as 'Shaqshaqiyyah.' It was delivered by Imam Ali (a.s.) at a time when he expressed his views on the caliphate. The sermon is set against the backdrop of the political situation when the first three caliphs assumed power. Imam Ali (a.s.) articulates his position and his sense of helplessness and patience regarding the caliphate, reflecting the political uncertainty and instability of the time.

In this sermon, Imam Ali (a.s.) likens his position to that of a pivot in a millstone, around which the mill revolves. This analogy highlights the significance of his role in the caliphate, yet he was kept away from it. He speaks of his oppression and the plundering of his rights, including the loss of his inheritance. This is a powerful statement that reflects the political circumstances of that era.

Several key themes are present in this sermon, such as patience, justice, and the responsibilities of leadership. Imam Ali (a.s.) gives an example of his patience, stating that he opted for patience despite the grief in his eyes and the anguish in his throat. This serves as an important lesson that one should remain patient in difficult times.

He criticizes the harshness of the rule of the other caliphs, comparing their governance to that of an unmanageable camel. If the reins are pulled too tight, it gets hurt; if left loose, it leads to destruction. This analogy underscores how the style of leadership can create challenges for the people.

Towards the end of the sermon, Imam Ali (a.s.) mentions that had it not been for the presence of supporters, he would not have accepted the responsibility of the caliphate. He points out the transient nature of the world, stating that in his eyes, the worth of this world is less than the sneeze of a goat. This profound philosophical perspective emphasizes that true success lies in the hereafter, not in worldly positions.