Sermon (78), delivered by Imam Ali (a.s.) after the Battle of Jamal, addresses the perceived deficiencies of women in faith, intellect, and inheritance. This sermon came at a time when Imam Ali was dealing with the aftermath of a significant conflict, which highlighted various social issues. The context of this sermon reflects the societal norms and Islamic teachings of that era, where the roles and rights of women were often debated.

Imam Ali (a.s.) begins by stating that women are deficient in faith, citing their need to refrain from prayer and fasting during menstruation as a proof. This reflects the importance placed on religious obligations during that time. He further points out that the testimony of two women equals that of one man, which illustrates the legal standards of the period regarding women's roles in society and law.

He also mentions the deficiency in inheritance, stating that women receive half the share of men. This highlights the patriarchal structure of society at the time and the challenges women faced regarding their rights. The Imam advises caution regarding both bad and good women, warning that accepting their good words could lead to being influenced by negative behaviors.

This sermon teaches us the importance of recognizing social issues while maintaining respect for individuals. Imam Ali's (a.s.) message encourages us to make informed decisions and strive for improvement in societal norms, while also respecting the roles of all individuals within the community.