In Sermon (40), Imam Ali (a.s.) addresses the saying of the Khawarij, "La Hukma Illa Lillah" (Judgment belongs only to Allah). This statement is indeed correct, but the interpretation taken by the Khawarij is flawed. Their assertion that governance can only belong to Allah is a misunderstanding. Imam Ali emphasizes that it is essential for people to have a ruler, whether that ruler is good or bad. A good ruler allows believers to perform good deeds, while a bad ruler enables disbelievers to indulge in their desires.

Imam Ali (a.s.) highlights that everything in the governance system reaches its ultimate limits by Allah's will. The presence of a ruler facilitates the collection of wealth (taxes and booty), enables the fighting of enemies, and ensures the safety of roads. It is through this ruler that the rights of the weak are upheld against the strong, until a good ruler finds peace through death or removal, and the demise of a bad ruler brings relief to others.

A significant theme in this sermon is the impact of governance on societal behavior. When governance is righteous, people are inclined towards virtuous actions; conversely, under corrupt governance, individuals tend to focus on fulfilling their desires. Imam Ali (a.s.) elucidates the necessity of a governing system to maintain peace and order in society.

This sermon teaches us the importance of evaluating the nature of our rulers and striving for improvement in our lives based on their actions. It also serves as a reminder that Allah's wisdom is behind all things, and we should maintain patience and trust in His decisions.