In Sermon (71), the historical context revolves around the capture of Marwan ibn Hakam during the Battle of Jamal. Marwan requested the intercession of Imam Hasan and Imam Husayn (peace be upon them) for his release. This event occurred during a time of significant political turmoil in the Islamic community, especially following the assassination of Uthman ibn Affan. While Imam Ali (peace be upon him) granted Marwan his freedom, he firmly rejected Marwan's allegiance.

Key themes in this sermon include political insight, loyalty, and the responsibilities of leadership. Imam Ali (peace be upon him) made it clear that he did not need Marwan's allegiance, as Marwan had already pledged allegiance previously, and his loyalty was questionable. The Imam referred to Marwan's pledge as a 'Jewish-like hand,' indicating his unreliability and lack of true commitment.

Additionally, Imam Ali (peace be upon him) warned that Marwan and his sons would bring hardship upon the community, emphasizing that leadership should only be entrusted to those who are worthy and loyal. This serves as a reminder that we must exercise caution in political matters and refrain from supporting individuals whose intentions are suspect.

A significant moral lesson from this sermon is the importance of carefully considering the loyalty and intentions of those we choose as leaders. Imam Ali (peace be upon him) teaches us to distance ourselves from individuals who act solely for their self-interest, highlighting the necessity of integrity in leadership.